Quiz Chapter 13: Genetic Technology

1. Which enzyme functions as 'molecular scissors' to cut DNA at specific base recognition sequences during genetic engineering?

1. DNA Polymerase
2. Restriction Enzyme
3. DNA Ligase
4. RNA Polymerase

2. What potential environmental risk is associated with growing herbicide-resistant Genetically Modified crops?

1. Immediate extinction of all wild plant species
2. Gene transfer to wild weed relatives resulting in herbicide-resistant 'superweeds'
3. Complete loss of soil nitrogen content
4. Sudden cooling of local microclimates

3. Which technique is most appropriate for resolving disputed paternity cases in courts?

1. Karyotyping
2. DNA Profiling
3. Bioremediation
4. Recombinant Fermentation

4. Why is the same restriction enzyme used to cut both the target human gene and the bacterial plasmid DNA?

1. To prevent bacterial mutation
2. To produce complementary sticky ends that can easily anneal together
3. To destroy viral DNA contaminants
4. To speed up bacterial binary fission

5. Which genetic condition was among the first treated experimentally using gene therapy?

1. Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
2. Down syndrome
3. Klinefelter syndrome
4. Turner syndrome

6. Which process uses specialized biological agents like bacteria to clean up environmental pollutants like oil spills?

1. Biomagnification
2. Bioremediation
3. Eutrophication
4. Bioaccumulation

7. What genetic modification gives Bt corn crops protection against European corn borer insect pests?

1. Insertion of genes coding for Bt crystal endotoxin proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis
2. Enhancement of plant photosynthetic pigments
3. Introduction of glyphosate herbicide resistance genes
4. Inhibition of plant root cell division

8. What term describes organisms containing functioning foreign genes transferred from another species?

1. Polyploid organisms
2. Transgenic organisms
3. Homozygous organisms
4. Mutated haploid organisms

9. Which ethical concern is directly linked to the widespread consumption of Genetically Modified Foods (GMFs)?

1. Unintended transfer of allergen proteins into non-allergenic crop plants
2. Immediate destruction of the earth's ozone layer
3. Total depletion of world fossil fuel reserves
4. Elimination of all natural plant mutations

10. What is the primary goal of gene therapy in modern medicine?

1. To produce synthetic antibodies in farm animals
2. To insert normal functional genes to replace or repair defective mutant genes causing genetic diseases
3. To clone human individuals for organ harvesting
4. To eliminate all non-pathogenic bacteria from human guts